What is a Sensory Diet and how it can help children with Autism | Living with sensory sensitivities can present unique challenges, but there are strategies that can make a meaningful difference. One such approach is implementing a sensory diet. In this blog post, we will dive into the concept of a sensory diet, exploring what it is and how it can help individuals manage their sensory sensitivities more effectively. We will also provide examples of sensory diet activities to inspire your own personalized plan. A FREE Example PLAN is included below :)
What is a Sensory Diet?
Just like a well-balanced nutritional diet, a sensory diet is a planned schedule of activities and strategies that address specific sensory needs. It is designed to provide the right amount and type of sensory input to help individuals better regulate their sensory experiences. By incorporating activities that support sensory processing, a sensory diet promotes self-regulation, attention, and overall well-being.
Research on sensory diets for autism suggests that they can be beneficial in helping individuals with autism manage sensory sensitivities and improve self-regulation[1]. A sensory diet, first created by occupational therapists Wilbarger and Wilbarger in 1991[1], is an individualized plan of physical activities and accommodations that provide the sensory input needed to stay focused and organized throughout the day[1].
A successful sensory diet for autism should be proactive, allowing access to sensory activities before the individual is in a highly dysregulated state[2]. Sensory breaks should be needs-led rather than contingent on behavior[2]. The goal of a sensory diet is to support the individual in maintaining a regulated state throughout the day[2].
Sensory diets can include a variety of activities that target different sensory systems, such as proprioceptive, tactile, vestibular, auditory, and visual activities[1]. Examples of sensory diet activities may include pushing heavy objects for proprioception, playing with textured sensory balls for tactile input, swinging on a swing for vestibular input, listening to calming music with noise-cancelling headphones for auditory input, and engaging in colouring activities for visual input[1].
It is important to note that each individual with autism may have different sensory needs and preferences, so it’s crucial to customize the sensory diet accordingly[1]. Consulting with an occupational therapist or a sensory specialist can provide valuable guidance in developing a personalized sensory diet that meets the specific needs of an individual with autism[1].
The Purpose of a Sensory Diet:
The primary goal is to help individuals achieve an optimal balance of sensory input throughout the day. It is especially beneficial for people who may experience challenges in processing sensory information, such as those with sensory processing difficulties, autism spectrum disorder, or sensory sensitivities. By incorporating a variety of sensory activities into their daily routine, individuals can better manage their sensory challenges and improve their overall functioning.
Designing a Personalized Sensory Diet:
Creating a personalized sensory diet involves understanding an individual’s sensory preferences, identifying triggers, and incorporating activities that meet their specific needs. Here are a few key steps to consider:
- Assess Sensory Preferences and Sensitivities:
Start by observing and noting the person’s sensory preferences, as well as any sensitivities or aversions they may have. Pay attention to their reactions to different sensory stimuli and identify the types of sensory input that are most beneficial or challenging for them. - Select and Implement Sensory Activities:
Based on the individual’s sensory preferences and sensitivities, choose activities that provide the desired sensory input. Here are some examples of sensory diet activities:
- Proprioceptive activities: Engaging in heavy work tasks such as pushing or pulling heavy objects, carrying weighted backpacks, using resistance bands for exercises, or participating in activities like yoga or martial arts.
- Vestibular activities: Swinging on a swing, spinning on a chair, riding a bike, jumping on a trampoline, or engaging in activities that involve rolling, bouncing, or balancing.
- Tactile activities: Playing with sensory bins filled with various materials like rice, sand, or water; exploring textures with playdough, clay, or putty; using fidget toys or stress balls; or engaging in arts and crafts with different textures.
- Auditory activities: Using noise-cancelling headphones to control the level of environmental sounds, listening to calming music or nature sounds, engaging in rhythmic activities like drumming or tapping, or using white noise machines.
- Visual activities: Adjusting lighting levels to create a calming environment, utilizing visual schedules or timers for routines, engaging in activities like coloring or drawing, or using visual tracking exercises and puzzles.
- Establish a Sensory Routine:
Develop a regular schedule that integrates sensory activities throughout the day. Consistency and predictability are crucial in helping individuals regulate their sensory experiences. Determine how often and for how long each activity should be included to promote optimal regulation and avoid sensory overload. - Collaboration and Communication:
Involve the individual in identifying and selecting sensory activities. Encourage open communication to understand their sensory experiences and preferences. This collaborative approach empowers the individual and fosters a sense of ownership in their sensory well-being.
Example of a sensory diet
Morning:
- Proprioceptive – Pushing heavy objects like a laundry basket (10 minutes)
- Tactile – Playing with textured sensory balls (5 minutes)
- Vestibular – Swinging on a swing in the backyard (10 minutes)
- Auditory – Listening to calming music with noise-canceling headphones (10 minutes)
- Visual – Engaging in coloring activities with different colors (15 minutes)
Afternoon:
- Tactile – Playing with kinetic sand (10 minutes)
- Proprioceptive – Doing resistance band exercises (15 minutes)
- Vestibular – Jumping on a mini trampoline (10 minutes)
- Auditory – Using a white noise machine to create a soothing environment (15 minutes)
Evening:
- Proprioceptive – Carrying a weighted backpack while walking around (15 minutes)
- Tactile – Playing with a fidget spinner or stress ball (5 minutes)
- Visual – Engaging in a visual tracking exercise or puzzle (10 minutes)
Before Bedtime:
- Auditory – Listening to nature sounds or a guided relaxation meditation (15 minutes)
- Vestibular – Rocking gently in a rocking chair (10 minutes)
- Tactile – Engaging in a calming hand massage with lotion (5 minutes)
Make sure to check out our FREE list of 50 sensory activities grouped by type.
Remember, this is just an example. It’s essential to customize the sensory diet based on individual preferences and sensitivities. Consider consulting with a sensory specialist or occupational therapist to fine-tune the sensory diet to meet specific needs and ensure a balanced sensory input throughout the day.
Implementing a sensory diet can be a valuable tool in managing sensory sensitivities. By creating a personalized routine that incorporates sensory activities, individuals can better regulate their sensory experiences and improve overall functioning. Remember to consult with professionals, such as occupational therapists or sensory experts, to tailor the sensory diet to meet specific needs. With a well-designed sensory diet, individuals can find greater comfort, engage in activities more confidently, and enhance their overall quality of life.